Center for the American Idea

“Rebirth”: Key Figures of the Harlem Renaissance

Dr. Robert F. Pace


Harlem street scene, neighbors sitting on a stoop.
The Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture

I. Why a Rebirth?
II. Writers and Their Influence
   1. Claude McKay
      a. “If We Must Die”
      b. Home to Harlem (1929), Banjo (1929), and Banana Bottom (1933)
      c. A Long Way from Home (1937)
   2. Alaine Locke
      a. The New Negro (1925)
   3. Langston Hughes
      a. The Weary Blues (1926)
      b. “The Negro Speaks of Rivers”
   4. Jean Toomer
      a.Cane (1923)
   5. James Weldon Johnson
      a. “Lift Every Voice and Sing”
      b. The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1912)
      c. God's Trombones (1927); “The Creation”
   6. Countee Cullen
      a. "Yet Do I Marvel"
      b. Color (1925), Caroling Dusk (1927), Copper Sun (1927), The Ballad of the Brown Girl (1927)
      c. One Way to Heaven (1934)
   7. Zora Neal Hurston
      Jonah's Gourd Vine (1934), Mules and Men (1935), Tell My Horse (1937),
      Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), Moses, Man of the Mountain (1939),
      Dust Tracks on a Road (1942), Seraph on the Suwanee (1948)
III. Harlem and the Jazz Age


Pictures from the Harlem Renaissance:



Claude McKay


Langston Hughes


Jean Toomer


James Weldon Johnson


Countee Cullen


Zora Neal Hurston

Brief Bibliography of the Harlem Renaissance

Anderson, Jervis. This Was Harlem. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1982.

Aptheker, Herbert. A Documentary History of the Negro People in the United States, 1910-1932. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel, 1973.
Bontemps, Arna, ed. The Harlem Renaissance Remembered. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1972.
Butcher, Margaret. The Negro in American Culture, Based on Materials Left by Alain Locke. New York: Knopf, 1956.
Huggins, Nathan Irvin. Harlem Renaissance. New York: Oxford University, 1971.
Kramer, Victor, ed. The Harlem Renaissance Re-Examined. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1987.
Lewis, David L. When Harlem Was In Vogue. New York: Knopf, 1981.
Martin, Tony. Literary Garveyism: Garvey, Black Arts, and the Harlem Renaissance. Dover, Massachusetts: Majority, 1983.
Osofsky, Gilbert. Harlem: The Making of a Ghetto: Negro New York, 1890-1930. New York: Harper, 1963.
Ottley, Roi. New World A-Coming. New York: Arno, 1968.

Schoener, Allan. Harlem on My Mind. New York: Random, 1968.


Reference Works
Cederholm, Theresa D. Afro-American Artists: A Bio-Bibliographical Dictionary. Boston: Boston Public Library, 1973.
Fairbanks, Carol and Eugene A., comps. Black American Fiction: A Bibliography. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1978.
Kellner, Bruce. The Harlem Renaissance: A Historical Dictionary of the Era. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1984.
Logan, Rayford W. and Michael R. Winston, eds. Dictionary of American Negro Biography. New York: Norton, 1982.
Mapp, Edward. Dictionary of Blacks in the Performing Arts. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1990.

Perry, Margaret. Silence to the Drums: A Survey of the literature of the Harlem Renaissance. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1976.


Web sites:

Harlem Renaissance Poets: http://www.nku.edu/~diesmanj/poetryindex.html
Encyclopedia Britannica: http://harlem.eb.com/
Harlem Renaissance: http://www.fatherryan.org/harlemrenaissance/
Harlem Renaissance Painters: http://www.nku.edu/~diesmanj/painters.html

Writers of the Harlem Renaissance: http://www.readingwoman.com/harlem.html



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